Mies van der Rohe and Neo-Miesian Architecture

The United States has a love-hate relationship with Mies van der Rohe. Some say he stripped architecture of all humanity, creating cold, sterile, and unlivable environments. Others praise his work, saying he created architecture in its most pure form. Believing that less is more, Mies van der Rohe became the designer of rational, minimalist skyscrapers, houses, and furniture. Along with the Viennese architect Richard Neutra (1892–1970) and the Swiss architect  Le Corbusier  (1887–1965),  Mies van der Rohe not only set the standard for all modernist design but brought European modernism to America. Background Maria Ludwig Michael Mies was born on March 27, 1886, in Aachen, Germany. He changed his name in 1912 when he opened his own design practice in Berlin, adopting his mothers maiden name, van der Rohe. In todays world of one-name wonders, he is simply called  Mies  (pronounced  Meez  or often  Mees). Education Ludwig Mies van der Rohe began his career in his familys stone-carving business in Germany, learning about the trade from his father who was a master mason and stonecutter. When he was a teenager, he worked as a draftsman for several architects. Later, he moved to Berlin, where he found work in the offices of architect and furniture designer Bruno Paul and industrial architect Peter Behrens. Career Early in his life, Mies van der Rohe began experimenting with steel frames and glass walls, a style that would become known as International. He was the third director of the Bauhaus School of Design, after Walter Gropius and Hannes Meyer, from 1930 until it disbanded in 1933. He moved to the United States in 1937, and for 20 years (1938–1958), he was the director of architecture at the Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT), where he taught his students to build first with wood, then stone, and then brick before progressing to concrete and steel. He believed that architects must completely understand their materials before they can design. Although Mies was not the first architect to practice simplicity in design, he carried the ideals of rationalism and minimalism to new levels. His glass-walled Farnsworth House near Chicago stirred controversy and legal battles. His bronze and glass Seagram Building in New York City (designed in collaboration with Philip Johnson) is considered Americas first glass skyscraper. The Meis philosophy that less is more became a guiding principle for architects in the mid-20th century, and many of the worlds skyscrapers are modeled after his designs. What Is Neo-Miesian? Neo  means  new.  Miesian  refers to Mies van der Rohe. Neo-Miesian  builds upon the beliefs and approaches that Mies practiced—the less is more minimalist buildings in glass and steel. Although Miesian buildings are unornamented, they are not plain.  For example, the famous Farnsworth House combines glass walls with pristine white steel columns. Believing that God is in the details, Mies van der Rohe achieved visual richness through his meticulous and sometimes surprising choice of materials. The towering glass Seagram Building uses bronze beams to accentuate the structure. Interiors juxtapose the whiteness of stone against the swooping, fabric-like wall panels. Some critics call the 2011 Pritzker Prize-winning Portuguese architect Eduardo Souto de Moura neo-Miesian. Like Mies, Souto de Moura (born in 1952) combines simple forms with complex textures. In their citation, the Pritzker Prize jury noted that Souto de Moura has the confidence to use stone that is a thousand years old or to take inspiration from a modern detail by Mies van der Rohe. Although nobody has called Pritzker Laureate Glenn Murcutt (born in 1936) a neo-Miesian, Murcutts simple designs show a Miesian influence. Many of  Murcutts houses in Australia, like the Marika-Alderton House, are elevated on stilts and built on above-ground platforms—taking a page from the Farnsworth House playbook. The Farnsworth House was built in a floodplain, and Murcutts above-ground coastal houses are raised for protection from tidal surges. But Murcutt builds on van der Rohes design—circulating air not only cools the house but also helps keep the Australian critters from finding easy shelter. Perhaps Mies thought of that, too. Death On August 17, 1969, at the age of 83, Mies van der Rohe died of esophageal cancer at Chicago’s Wesley Memorial Hospital. He is buried in nearby Graceland Cemetery. Important Buildings Some of the more notable building designs by Meis, include: 1928-29: Barcelona Pavilion1950: The Farnsworth House, Plano, Illinois1951: Lake Shore Drive Apartments, Chicago1956: Crown Hall, Chicago1958: Seagram Building, New York (with Philip Johnson)1959-74: Federal Center, Chicago Furniture Designs Some of the more notable furniture designs by Meis, include: 1927: Side Chair (MR 10)1929: The Barcelona ® Chair1930: Brno Flat Bar Chair1948: Mies allowed one of his protà ©gà ©s, Florence Knoll, exclusive rights to produce his furniture. Learn more from Knoll, Inc.

Conflict Theory and Conflict Between Social Classes

Conflict theory began with Karl Marx and his belief that capitalist societies are powered and controlled the conflict between social classes. Those who possessed a means of production, called the bourgeois, and and those that had to work for the bourgeois, called the proletariat. He felt that all elements of society were based around this struggle for control and for resources (Kendall 2014: 12 ). Conflict theorists believe that all humans behavior, all our social norms, all our systems of government, our employment, and our systems of education are the result of conflicts between competing groups. All of society is shaped by this great power struggle. Conflict theory depends on an unequal power balance, one group controls the other group, using their social power to keep the other group subjugated. Conflict theory has evolved past just considering class and has began to consider other competing groups. The struggles between men and women, rich and poor, whites and people of color, a nd LGBTQIA individuals and straight people are now taken into consideration by conflict theorists. Society is constantly changing because of the battles between conflicting interests (Kendall 2014: 17). Conflict perspective views mental illness as the result of stress that comes from being a member of a subjugated, low income group. Mental health is defined by the group in power and can be used as a tool for keeping the social balance tipped in their favor. For a member of one of theseShow MoreRelatedKarl Marx s Theory Of Society1450 Words   |  6 PagesKarl Marx’s Theory Karl Marx was one of the many sociologist who was trying to look at society and how it can function in a new way. Marx’s was a German social philosopher, cultural commentator, and was political activist. He developed the terms â€Å"Conflict Theory† and â€Å"Marxism†. 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Both Marx and Durkheim’s theories of modern society can be used toRead MoreStructural Funcionalism, Conflict Theory, and Symbolic Interactionism1410 Words   |  6 Pages In this paper, I will discuss three different schools of thought that, while they may seem to explain the inner workings of society, by themselves they fail to satisfy completely. For each theory, I will discuss the basics and cover the main tenants of each. The n, I will discuss the ambiguities, inadequacies and irrelevance to reality based on our current understanding of modern society. Structural Functionalism In the Functionalist School of Thought, society is viewed as being a complex structureRead MoreSocial Conflict Theory1130 Words   |  5 Pagescan be questioned. Critical criminology is a theoretical perspective in criminology which takes a conflict perspective, such as marxism, feminism, political economy theory or critical theory. 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Game Ready Cold Therapy Compression System - 1866 Words

EBP Research Project: Game Ready ® Cold Therapy Compression System Kristen Nielson ATR 457 – Modalities Due: 11/18/2014 Table of Contents Game Ready ® Cold Therapy Compression System 3 Physiological Effects 4 Setup 6 Parameters for Application 6 Indications 7 Contraindications 7 Precautions 8 References 10 Game Ready ® Cold Therapy Compression System Game Ready ® is a modality system that employs the ice and compression components of RICE (Rest-Ice-Compression-Elevation) treatment techniques for acute injuries and post-surgical patients. In addition, the machine mimics the body’s natural muscle contractions in an effort to manufacture a pump system within the body that can aid in lymphatic function. Game Ready ® addresses several therapeutic goals including edema reduction, inflammation control, secondary tissue injury limitation, and pain management ultimately resulting in range of motion (ROM) increases and faster return to function. This is done through the use of pneumatic compression that forms each cold wrap to the contours of the body for better surface contact over a greater area. As the treatment begins, cold water begins to fill the connector hose and the vapors inflate the wrap around the injured area. This is known as active cold and compression because the constant circulation of cold water vapor removes heat from the body locally at a faster rate than static cold application and the constant changes in compression work like a pump to assist theShow MoreRelatedI Had A Good Learning Experience Observing Pt And Ptas2133 Words   |  9 Pagesresidential apartments. The PT clinic was on the first floor and the apartments were on second and third floors. The PT clinic was very spacious, organized and neat. There was a small cabin in the entrance for unit clerk, a big therapy room, and two rooms for evaluations. The therapy room was quite big. 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Strategic Managementof British Airways †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Strategic Managementof British Airways. Answer: Objective and mission statement The main objectives of British airways is to determine the fact regarding how strongly they emerge from the downturn and to create a profitable and sustainable future for the business which in turn, will benefit the stakeholders, colleagues and customers. The mission of British Airways is that one destination shall assure their customer to fly with confidence and they are responsibly working together to take care if world they are living in. their mission statement creates the mindset that the passengers will always safe on the ground or on the air and they want to make their customers feel that they are confident and safe while they are flying with British airways. Strengths and weaknesses Strengths: More than 90 years of experience in airline industry Backed up by the government of UK They has their own branch for engineering that maintains the aircraft fleet Developed the online system of ordering that makes the company tech-savvy Weaknesses: Highly dependent on the UK market and are associated with the risk of globalized economy Could not penetrated in globalized market efficiently Employee unions are strong that will increase the cost of managing the employees. Core competence They focus on providing the unique experience for the customers. Every month it conducts the market research with the customers to find out their choice and preferences. Current strategy of British airways is to upgrade the experience of customers by introducing mobile and text services for the customers of business class. Further, to capture the market position they always come up with new strategies and approaches.