20 Best Christmas Gifts Ideas for College Students

20 Best Christmas Gifts Ideas for College Students Everything boils down to this, an amazing rundown of the 20 best Christmas presents for understudies that will make you an occasional stone of Gibraltar; a Christmas saint! 1. A Really Cool Tetris Light These are most likely the coolest entryway room lights to hit the world since the Lava Lamp. Stackable, bright and cool the Tetris Desk Light is a wonderful decision. Young men and young ladies will cherish them. We sure do! 2. A Pair of Quality Headphones School flat mates regularly have distinctive dozing designs in light of the fact that theyve got various classes and diverse class plans. Time in the room is typically joined by video, gaming or loud web perusing. A couple a quality earphones is a school student’s best tech-companion. 3. Gift vouchers This is all inclusive. Don’t give school kids cash since it will never be spent on what it ought to be. Gift vouchers direct their concentration and they’re undeniably bound to purchase necessities like food and toiletries. 4. Apartment TV (Space Saver) Level space sparing computerized TV’s that can match up with gaming consoles and PCs are amazing! Additionally, they’re not massive by any stretch of the imagination. On the off chance that the model you pick can be divider mounted, at that point there’s nothing better. Moreover, nowadays the costs are strangely low. Not very far in the past purchasing a littler quality TV for school kids was spendy. 5. Somebody Else’s Wallet? This is a perfect thought, and an extraordinary method to purchase another wallet for the folks. Get a decent new wallet and afterward fill it with things like gift vouchers, new photos, maybe game or film tickets and so on. Only a perfect method to give a heap of blessings simultaneously in a little bundle that’s overly simple to send via the post office. 6. Gourmet Coffee School kids are the main individuals on earth who drink more espresso than corporate office honey bees. The issue is that 99.9% of the time it’s modest and not all that delectable. A huge pack of gourmet espresso is that understanding and strong blessing that all understudies acknowledge (in the event that they drink espresso that is). 7. Study Abroad Money Most understudies who concentrate abroad are considerably increasingly split while they’re away in some energizing new spot than when they’re back in their apartment. In the event that you can give them some additional going through cash for the outing, they’ll always remember it, ever. 8. One-Stop-Shop Bathroom Kit These truly are acknowledge and utilized widely. Don’t figure this unit will go to squander in light of the fact that it won’t. Indeed, perhaps a portion of the little adornments probably won't get utilized yet the significant segments never come up short. Razors, shaving cream, cologne, cleanser and so on. Fundamentally on the grounds that the stuff in the grounds store is loathsome. 9. An Assortment of Great Sauces Understudies aren’t known for being acceptable cooks. They simply set up any old thing and call it food. That being stated, a crate of varying and scrumptious sauces will be utilized inside a month. Perhaps before New Years†¦imagine the kinds of Top Ramen they could evoke. 10. Shower Slippers The thoughtful that you can wear into the shower to secure your feet and afterward they get dry too brisk so you don’t track water a few doors down. No one needs competitors foot or to step into somebody elses natural liquids, whatever thoughtful that might be. 11. A Traditional Popcorn Serving Set Truly, who eats more popcorn than undergrads? You can make due on the stuff! It is perfect to have a quality serving set that looks simply like the benevolent you get at the motion pictures. How cool is that? 12. High-Brow Bedding Abandons saying†¦ 13. New Laptop Once more, a mind blowing device that will be utilized (and manhandled) and each penny will be crushed out of it. No understudies dismisses another PC. It’s nearly the equal to getting them another trade-in vehicle (aside from the PC ought to be new). You get the thought. 14. Brew Pong Table and Set Better believe it, truly. Everybody adores the game, yet not many understudies have the table and set. Your child could be THAT kid in the lobby. Hello, school is tied in with systems administration. 15. DVD Set of Favorite TV Series Is it accurate to say that they are a crazed Walking Dead fan? Without a doubt, they most likely expertise to observe each scene online for nothing, yet having their own set they can watch at whatever point is entirely helpful. 16. Clean (Actually White) Socks and Undies Continuously needed†¦ 17. A Laundry Hamper with Style It needs to have some flare or it will go unnoticed and mix into the hazardous situation of garments around it. 18. Great Food Baskets! Can’t turn out badly here. A definite victor 100% of the time no matter what. 19. Membership to Netflix All the children are getting them. That’s the gossip in any case. Be careful! A few understudies become dependent on Netflix in a matter of seconds. 20. Set Them Up with a Classy Interview! What a clever thought right? Maybe a definitive blessing you can get an undergrad this year is to pull some string and set them up with a quality meeting. With such a large number of choices to browse it was difficult to limit the rundown into a main 20 sort introduction. Thusly, we refreshed the rundown including 20 more Christmas presents thoughts for undergrads. Look at them! All things considered, here’s your possibility understudies. What might be the ideal Christmas present for you?

Meaning of the Crude Birth Rate and Crude Death Rate

Which means of the Crude Birth Rate and Crude Death Rate The rough birth rate (CBR) and unrefined demise rate (CBR) are factual qualities that can be utilized to quantify the development or decay of a populace. Definitions The rough birth rate and unrefined demise rate are both estimated by the pace of births or passings separately among a populace of 1,000. The CBR and CDR are dictated by taking the complete number of births or passings in a populace and separating the two qualities by a number to acquire the rate per 1,000. For instance, if a nation has a populace of 1â million, and 15,000 children were brought into the world a year ago in that nation, we separate both the 15,000 and 1,000,000 by 1,000 to get the rate per 1,000. Along these lines the rough birth rate is 15 for every 1,000. The rough birth rate is called unrefined on the grounds that it doesn't consider age or sex contrasts among the populace. In our theoretical nation, the rate is 15 births for each 1,000 individuals, however the probability is that around 500 of those 1,000 individuals are men, and of the 500 who are ladies, just a specific rate are equipped for conceiving an offspring in a given year. Birth Trends Rough birth paces of more than 30 for each 1,000 are viewed as high, and paces of under 18 for every 1,000 are viewed as low. The worldwide unrefined birth rate in 2016 was 19 for each 1,000. In 2016, unrefined birth rates went from 8 for every 1,000 in nations, for example, Japan, Italy, Republic of Korea, and Portugalâ to 48 in Niger. The CBR in the United States continuedâ trending down, as it accomplished for the whole world since cresting in 1963, coming in at 12 for each 1,000. By examination in 1963, the worldsâ crude birth rate hit more than 36. Numerous African nations have an exceptionally high rough birth rate, and ladies in those nations have a high complete richness rate, which means they offer births to numerous kids in the course of their life. Nations with a low fruitfulness rate (and low rough birth pace of 10 to 12 out of 2016) incorporate European countries, the United States, and China. Passing Trends The rough passing rate quantifies the pace of passings for each 1,000 individuals in a given populace. Unrefined demise paces of beneath 10 are viewed as low, while rough passing rates over 20 for each 1,000 are viewed as high. Unrefined demise rates in 2016 extended from 2 in Qatar, the United Arab Emirates, and Bahrainâ to 15 for every 1,000 in Latvia, Ukraine, and Bulgaria.â The worldwide unrefined demise rate in 2016 was 7.6, and in the United States, the rate was 8â per 1,000. The crude passing rate for the world has been on the decrease since 1960 when it came in at 17.7. It has been falling far and wide (and drastically in creating economies) because of longer life spansâ brought about by a superior food supplies and appropriation, better nourishment, better and all the more generally accessible clinical consideration (and the advancement of innovations, for example, vaccinations and anti-toxins), enhancements in sanitation and cleanliness, and clean water supplies. Much of the expansion in total populace in the course of the only remaining century in general has been credited more to longer futures as opposed to an increment in births.

Bentsen, Lloyd Millard, Jr.

Bentsen, Lloyd Millard, Jr. Bentsen, Lloyd Millard, Jr., 1921â€"2006, American political leader and U.S. secretary of the treasury (1993â€"94), b. Mission, Tex. He received a law degree from the Univ. of Texas in 1942 and served as a B-24 squadron commander during World War II. A Democrat, he served three terms in the U.S. House of Representatives (1949â€"55) before starting a successful insurance business in Houston. Returning to politics in 1970, he was elected to the U.S. Senate, defeating George H. W. Bush . Serving in the Senate (1971â€"93), Bentsen was a stalwart defender of Texas business interests such as the oil and gas industry and of international trade. From 1987 to 1993 he was chairman of the Senate finance committee. In the 1988 presidential election, the Democratic ticket of Michael Dukakis and Bentsen was defeated by George H. W. Bush and Dan Quayle . As secretary of the treasury under President Bill Clinton , Bentsen helped shepherd through Congress the 1993 deficit-reduction bill, the N orth American Free Trade Agreement , and the accord establishing the World Trade Organization . The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. See more Encyclopedia articles on: U.S. History: Biographies

Mies van der Rohe and Neo-Miesian Architecture

The United States has a love-hate relationship with Mies van der Rohe. Some say he stripped architecture of all humanity, creating cold, sterile, and unlivable environments. Others praise his work, saying he created architecture in its most pure form. Believing that less is more, Mies van der Rohe became the designer of rational, minimalist skyscrapers, houses, and furniture. Along with the Viennese architect Richard Neutra (1892–1970) and the Swiss architect  Le Corbusier  (1887–1965),  Mies van der Rohe not only set the standard for all modernist design but brought European modernism to America. Background Maria Ludwig Michael Mies was born on March 27, 1886, in Aachen, Germany. He changed his name in 1912 when he opened his own design practice in Berlin, adopting his mothers maiden name, van der Rohe. In todays world of one-name wonders, he is simply called  Mies  (pronounced  Meez  or often  Mees). Education Ludwig Mies van der Rohe began his career in his familys stone-carving business in Germany, learning about the trade from his father who was a master mason and stonecutter. When he was a teenager, he worked as a draftsman for several architects. Later, he moved to Berlin, where he found work in the offices of architect and furniture designer Bruno Paul and industrial architect Peter Behrens. Career Early in his life, Mies van der Rohe began experimenting with steel frames and glass walls, a style that would become known as International. He was the third director of the Bauhaus School of Design, after Walter Gropius and Hannes Meyer, from 1930 until it disbanded in 1933. He moved to the United States in 1937, and for 20 years (1938–1958), he was the director of architecture at the Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT), where he taught his students to build first with wood, then stone, and then brick before progressing to concrete and steel. He believed that architects must completely understand their materials before they can design. Although Mies was not the first architect to practice simplicity in design, he carried the ideals of rationalism and minimalism to new levels. His glass-walled Farnsworth House near Chicago stirred controversy and legal battles. His bronze and glass Seagram Building in New York City (designed in collaboration with Philip Johnson) is considered Americas first glass skyscraper. The Meis philosophy that less is more became a guiding principle for architects in the mid-20th century, and many of the worlds skyscrapers are modeled after his designs. What Is Neo-Miesian? Neo  means  new.  Miesian  refers to Mies van der Rohe. Neo-Miesian  builds upon the beliefs and approaches that Mies practiced—the less is more minimalist buildings in glass and steel. Although Miesian buildings are unornamented, they are not plain.  For example, the famous Farnsworth House combines glass walls with pristine white steel columns. Believing that God is in the details, Mies van der Rohe achieved visual richness through his meticulous and sometimes surprising choice of materials. The towering glass Seagram Building uses bronze beams to accentuate the structure. Interiors juxtapose the whiteness of stone against the swooping, fabric-like wall panels. Some critics call the 2011 Pritzker Prize-winning Portuguese architect Eduardo Souto de Moura neo-Miesian. Like Mies, Souto de Moura (born in 1952) combines simple forms with complex textures. In their citation, the Pritzker Prize jury noted that Souto de Moura has the confidence to use stone that is a thousand years old or to take inspiration from a modern detail by Mies van der Rohe. Although nobody has called Pritzker Laureate Glenn Murcutt (born in 1936) a neo-Miesian, Murcutts simple designs show a Miesian influence. Many of  Murcutts houses in Australia, like the Marika-Alderton House, are elevated on stilts and built on above-ground platforms—taking a page from the Farnsworth House playbook. The Farnsworth House was built in a floodplain, and Murcutts above-ground coastal houses are raised for protection from tidal surges. But Murcutt builds on van der Rohes design—circulating air not only cools the house but also helps keep the Australian critters from finding easy shelter. Perhaps Mies thought of that, too. Death On August 17, 1969, at the age of 83, Mies van der Rohe died of esophageal cancer at Chicago’s Wesley Memorial Hospital. He is buried in nearby Graceland Cemetery. Important Buildings Some of the more notable building designs by Meis, include: 1928-29: Barcelona Pavilion1950: The Farnsworth House, Plano, Illinois1951: Lake Shore Drive Apartments, Chicago1956: Crown Hall, Chicago1958: Seagram Building, New York (with Philip Johnson)1959-74: Federal Center, Chicago Furniture Designs Some of the more notable furniture designs by Meis, include: 1927: Side Chair (MR 10)1929: The Barcelona ® Chair1930: Brno Flat Bar Chair1948: Mies allowed one of his protà ©gà ©s, Florence Knoll, exclusive rights to produce his furniture. Learn more from Knoll, Inc.

Conflict Theory and Conflict Between Social Classes

Conflict theory began with Karl Marx and his belief that capitalist societies are powered and controlled the conflict between social classes. Those who possessed a means of production, called the bourgeois, and and those that had to work for the bourgeois, called the proletariat. He felt that all elements of society were based around this struggle for control and for resources (Kendall 2014: 12 ). Conflict theorists believe that all humans behavior, all our social norms, all our systems of government, our employment, and our systems of education are the result of conflicts between competing groups. All of society is shaped by this great power struggle. Conflict theory depends on an unequal power balance, one group controls the other group, using their social power to keep the other group subjugated. Conflict theory has evolved past just considering class and has began to consider other competing groups. The struggles between men and women, rich and poor, whites and people of color, a nd LGBTQIA individuals and straight people are now taken into consideration by conflict theorists. Society is constantly changing because of the battles between conflicting interests (Kendall 2014: 17). Conflict perspective views mental illness as the result of stress that comes from being a member of a subjugated, low income group. Mental health is defined by the group in power and can be used as a tool for keeping the social balance tipped in their favor. For a member of one of theseShow MoreRelatedKarl Marx s Theory Of Society1450 Words   |  6 PagesKarl Marx’s Theory Karl Marx was one of the many sociologist who was trying to look at society and how it can function in a new way. Marx’s was a German social philosopher, cultural commentator, and was political activist. He developed the terms â€Å"Conflict Theory† and â€Å"Marxism†. To start off with conflict theory is defined as a paradigm that see social conflict as the basis of society, social change and emphases a materialist view of society. Social inequality which is the unequal distributionRead MoreConflict Theories Focus On The Political Nature Of Crime1439 Words   |  6 PagesConflict theories focus on the political nature of crime and examine the creation and application of the law. Conflict theory fundamental assumption is that society is characterized more by conflict than by collective consensus. This characterization allows conflict theory to be viewed at on a continuous spectrum from different vantage points. On one end of the spectrum is the pluralistic view that infers that society is composed of different groups which are in a struggle for maintain their interestRead MoreThe Conflict Theory Of Society988 Words   |  4 Pages The conflict theory itself was contrived and created from the beliefs of Karl Marx, who was a firm believer that society is an existence that is always changing and is influenced by the conflict between the social and economic classes. Functionalism views society as a complicated system where all are wanting equality, but the conflict theory sees life as competition and survival of the fittest. One of the foundations of the conflict theory is that society and life are made up of people acquiringRead MoreFunctionalism And Its Impact On Society983 Words   |  4 Pagesflawless. There are conflicts of interest about the relations between the school and society. The main problem with functionalism is that it tends to emphasize the social needs of society over the individual’s need. Robert Merton, a critic of functionalism comments that â€Å"because many functionalisms have assumed that every social practice and institution must be understood in terms of its adaptive function fo r the society as a whole, they have tended to give a primary value to existing social forms.† (p.Read MoreKarl Marx And Max Weber1187 Words   |  5 Pagesboth identify economic position as being a key factor in social stratification. Marx uses the Materialist Conception of History as his basic premise to show that there exist two classes which are in opposition to one another, and that they are in constant social conflict with one another due to the structure of capitalism itself. Weber, on the other hand, describes class as being an objective measure of wealth, with conflict not between classes but within them. Although Marx and Weber both concludeRead MoreSociological Theories and Family Essay examples1662 Words   |  7 PagesSociological Theories and Family Sociological Theories and Family Sociological theories are important in understanding how the society operates. In addition, the theories help one understand how people in society relate with each other. The theories have helped understand various social issues in the society and made it easy to develop solutions to the problems. There are different theories that are used to explain how the society operates and how people interact with each other. Examples ofRead MoreCritical Analysis of the Conflict Theory1633 Words   |  7 Pagesare three major theories: Structural Functionalism, Symbolic Interaction, and Conflict. These theories relate to the main aspects of life in a society: organized group membership, interaction, and conflict. Out of all three of these, conflict seems to be the most straight-forward. Every person has experienced conflict in life. The main focus of this theory is how power structures and power disparities impact people’s lives (The Catholic University of America,  2008). Conflict t heory according to CrossmanRead MoreMarx And Durkheim s Theory Of Social Inequality933 Words   |  4 PagesDurkheim can be readily applied to social inequality in the context of present day Canada. Durkheim’s theory is founded in analyzing how societies function by focusing on the ideas of the division of labour, merit and functionalism. Marx, on the other hand, views society as divided into social classes of the bourgeoisie and proletariats, while stressing the importance of the role of capital plays in society in relation to inequality. Both Marx and Durkheim’s theories of modern society can be used toRead MoreStructural Funcionalism, Conflict Theory, and Symbolic Interactionism1410 Words   |  6 Pages In this paper, I will discuss three different schools of thought that, while they may seem to explain the inner workings of society, by themselves they fail to satisfy completely. For each theory, I will discuss the basics and cover the main tenants of each. The n, I will discuss the ambiguities, inadequacies and irrelevance to reality based on our current understanding of modern society. Structural Functionalism In the Functionalist School of Thought, society is viewed as being a complex structureRead MoreSocial Conflict Theory1130 Words   |  5 Pagescan be questioned. Critical criminology is a theoretical perspective in criminology which takes a conflict perspective, such as marxism, feminism, political economy theory or critical theory. The focus of critical criminology is the genesis of crime and nature of ‘justice’ within a structure of class and status inequalities. Law and punishment of crime are viewed as connected to a system of social inequality and as the means of producing and perpetuating this inequality.[1] Critical criminology

Game Ready Cold Therapy Compression System - 1866 Words

EBP Research Project: Game Ready ® Cold Therapy Compression System Kristen Nielson ATR 457 – Modalities Due: 11/18/2014 Table of Contents Game Ready ® Cold Therapy Compression System 3 Physiological Effects 4 Setup 6 Parameters for Application 6 Indications 7 Contraindications 7 Precautions 8 References 10 Game Ready ® Cold Therapy Compression System Game Ready ® is a modality system that employs the ice and compression components of RICE (Rest-Ice-Compression-Elevation) treatment techniques for acute injuries and post-surgical patients. In addition, the machine mimics the body’s natural muscle contractions in an effort to manufacture a pump system within the body that can aid in lymphatic function. Game Ready ® addresses several therapeutic goals including edema reduction, inflammation control, secondary tissue injury limitation, and pain management ultimately resulting in range of motion (ROM) increases and faster return to function. This is done through the use of pneumatic compression that forms each cold wrap to the contours of the body for better surface contact over a greater area. As the treatment begins, cold water begins to fill the connector hose and the vapors inflate the wrap around the injured area. This is known as active cold and compression because the constant circulation of cold water vapor removes heat from the body locally at a faster rate than static cold application and the constant changes in compression work like a pump to assist theShow MoreRelatedI Had A Good Learning Experience Observing Pt And Ptas2133 Words   |  9 Pagesresidential apartments. The PT clinic was on the first floor and the apartments were on second and third floors. The PT clinic was very spacious, organized and neat. There was a small cabin in the entrance for unit clerk, a big therapy room, and two rooms for evaluations. The therapy room was quite big. There were exercise equipment such as trade mill, leg press, pulleys, bicycle, parallel bars, bypass board etc. on one side of the room. On the other side of the room, they had three beds for patients,Read MoreHesi Practice31088 Words   |  125 Pagesapproached the nurse asking for advice on how to deal with his alcohol addiction. The nurse should tell the client that the only effective treatment for alcoholism is A. psychotherapy. B. total abstinence. C. Alcoholics Anonymous (AA). D. aversion therapy. 8. A 23-month-old child is brought to the emergency department with suspected croup. Which assessment finding reflects increasing respiratory distress? A. Intercostal retractions. B. Bradycardia. C. Decreased level of consciousness. D. Flushed skinRead MoreProject Managment Case Studies214937 Words   |  860 Pageson acid-free paper. @ Copyright O 2006 by John Wiley Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Published by John Wiley Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey Published simultaneously in Canada No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permissionRead MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pagesmajor crime? Ericsson – innovation from the periphery: the development of mobile telephone systems. Direct Care – strategy development in the multistakeholder context of public sector services. BBC – structural changes to deliver a better service. Sony (B) – more structural changes at the high-tech multinational. Web Reservations International – growth of an Irish SME company through its online reservation system and business model. 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This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions DepartmentRead More_x000C_Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis355457 Words   |  1422 PagesRESERVED. No part of this work covered by the copyright hereon may be reproduced or used in any form or by any means—graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping, Web distrib ution, information storage and retrieval systems, or in any other manner—without the written permission of the publisher. Thomson Higher Education 10 Davis Drive Belmont, CA 94002-3098 USA For more information about our products, contact us at: Thomson Learning Academic Resource Center 1-800-423-0563

Strategic Managementof British Airways †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Strategic Managementof British Airways. Answer: Objective and mission statement The main objectives of British airways is to determine the fact regarding how strongly they emerge from the downturn and to create a profitable and sustainable future for the business which in turn, will benefit the stakeholders, colleagues and customers. The mission of British Airways is that one destination shall assure their customer to fly with confidence and they are responsibly working together to take care if world they are living in. their mission statement creates the mindset that the passengers will always safe on the ground or on the air and they want to make their customers feel that they are confident and safe while they are flying with British airways. Strengths and weaknesses Strengths: More than 90 years of experience in airline industry Backed up by the government of UK They has their own branch for engineering that maintains the aircraft fleet Developed the online system of ordering that makes the company tech-savvy Weaknesses: Highly dependent on the UK market and are associated with the risk of globalized economy Could not penetrated in globalized market efficiently Employee unions are strong that will increase the cost of managing the employees. Core competence They focus on providing the unique experience for the customers. Every month it conducts the market research with the customers to find out their choice and preferences. Current strategy of British airways is to upgrade the experience of customers by introducing mobile and text services for the customers of business class. Further, to capture the market position they always come up with new strategies and approaches.

School Annual Day Celebration free essay sample

?One of the most anxiously awaited occasions in any school is its annual day. Great excitement and hurried activities are visible all around. The preparations for the annual day begin much ahead of the day itself. The school gets a complete face-lift with all the classrooms thoroughly cleaned and charts on all subjects are displayed on the walls. This is done to impress the Chief Guest, other guests and parents. The venue of the function is decorated with Writings, balloons, banners and lights. Another important feature of the preparation is the regular practice session of the cultural programme to be staged on the appointed day. Students, participating in the dance, drama and music programmes are called for long rehearsals. The long-awaited day, finally, arrives and everyone seems to be immensely busy and hectic, rushing here and there for one reason or the other. All, including the principal, the teachers and the participants in the cultural programmes seem greatly excited and worried. We will write a custom essay sample on School Annual Day Celebration or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Those who are supposed to come to the stage tremble in excitement and fear. The rest of the students help to arrange the stage and look forward to a day of fun and frolic. As the Chief Guest arrives, the school-band springs into tune. He is escorted by a reception-committee, including the members from the Managing Committee, the principal, teachers and students. To start with, the principal delivers a speech, in which she first welcomes the Chief Guest and then details the highlights of the school-results in the Board’s Examinations and the awards that the students have won in various activities. Then the Chief Guest is requested to deliver his speech. It is followed by a speech from the Head-Boy. Finally, the Chief Guest is requested to give away the prizes to the students. The cultural programme begins after the prizes have been awarded. Songs are sung by the students, the dance and drama items are presented and one can see the hard work, the students have put in during their rehearsals. The last to come is the National Anthem, at the tune of which, all those who are present stand in attention. Then there is a controlled movement towards the exit. Parents wait outside for their children. Those who have won prizes and those who have performed on the stage are lovingly received by their parents. Finally, everybody goes home, bidding adieu to each other.

Definition of Literacy Test

Definition of Literacy Test   A literacy test measures a person’s proficiency in reading and writing. Beginning in the 19th century, literacy tests were used in the voter registration process in southern states of the U.S. with the intent to disenfranchise black voters. In 1917, with the passing of the Immigration Act, literacy tests were also included in the U.S. immigration process, and are still used today. Historically, literacy tests have served to legitimize racial and ethnic marginalization in the U.S. HISTORY OF RECONSTRUCTION AND JIM CROW ERA Literacy tests were introduced into the voting process in the South with the Jim Crow laws. Jim Crow laws were state and local laws and statutes enacted by southern and border states in the late 1870s to deny African Americans the right to vote in the South following Reconstruction (1865-1877). They were designed to keep whites and blacks segregated, to disenfranchise black voters, and to keep blacks subjugated, undermining the 14th and 15th Amendments of the United States Constitution. Despite the ratification of the 14th Amendment in 1868, granting citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the United States which included former slaves, and the ratification of the 15th Amendment in 1870, which specifically gave African Americans the right to vote, Southern and Border states continued to find ways to keep racial minorities from voting. They used electoral fraud and violence to intimidate African American voters, and created Jim Crow laws to promote racial segregation. During the twenty years following Reconstruction, African Americans lost many of the legal rights that had been gained during Reconstruction. Even the Supreme Court of the United States â€Å"helped undermine the Constitutional protections of blacks with the infamous Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) case, which legitimized Jim Crow laws and the Jim Crow way of life.† In this case, the Supreme Court maintained that public facilities for blacks and whites could be â€Å"separate but equal.† Following this decision, it soon became the law throughout the South that public facilities had to be separate. Many of the changes made during Reconstruction proved to be short-lived, with the Supreme Court continuing to uphold racial discrimination and segregation in its decisions, thus giving southern states free reign to impose literacy tests and all manner of voting restrictions on prospective voters, discriminating against black voters. But racism was not just recurring in the South. Although the Jim Crow Laws were a Southern phenomenon, the sentiment behind them was a national one. There was a resurgence of racism in the North as well and â€Å" emerging national, indeed international, consensus (among whites at any rate) that Reconstruction had been a serious mistake. LITERACY TESTS AND VOTING RIGHTS Some states, such as Connecticut, used literacy tests in the mid-1800s to keep Irish immigrants from voting, but Southern states didn’t use literacy tests until after Reconstruction in 1890, sanctioned by the federal government, where they were used well into the 1960s. They were used ostensibly to test the voters ability to read and write, but in reality to discriminate against African American voters and sometimes poor whites. Since 40-60% of blacks were illiterate, compared to 8-18% of whites, these tests had a large differential racial impact. Southern states also imposed other standards, all of which were arbitrarily set by the test administrator. Those who were property owners or whose grandfathers had been able to vote   (â€Å"grandfather clause†),   those deemed to have â€Å"good character,† or those who paid poll taxes were able to vote. Because of these impossible standards, â€Å"in 1896, Louisiana had 130,334 registered black voters. Eight years later, only 1,342, 1 percent, could pass the state’s new rules.†Ã‚  Even in areas where the black population was substantially greater, these standards kept the white voting population in the majority. The administration of literacy tests was unfair and discriminatory. â€Å"If the official wanted a person to pass, he could ask the easiest question on the test- for example, Who is the president of the United States?† The same official might require a black person to answer every single question correctly, in an unrealistic amount of time, in order to pass.†Ã‚  It was up to the test administrator whether the prospective voter passed or failed, and even if a black man was well-educated, he would most likely fail, because â€Å"the test was created with failure as a goal.† Even if a potential black voter knew all the answers to the questions, the official administering the test could still fail him. Literacy tests were not declared unconstitutional in the South until ninety-five years after the15th Amendment was ratified, by the passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965. Five years later, in 1970, Congress abolished literacy tests and discriminatory voting practices nationwide, and as a result, the number of registered African American voters increased dramatically. ACTUAL LITERACY TESTS In 2014 a group of Harvard University students was asked to take the 1964 Louisiana Literacy Test to raise awareness about voting discrimination.   The test is similar to those given in other Southern states since Reconstruction to potential voters who could not prove they had a fifth grade education. In order to be able to vote, a person had to pass all 30 questions in 10 minutes. All of the students failed under those conditions, because the test was meant to be failed. The questions have nothing at all to do with the U.S. Constitution and are completely nonsensical. You can try the test yourself here.    LITERACY TESTS AND IMMIGRATION In the late 19th century many people wanted to restrict the influx of immigrants to the U.S. due to increased problems of urbanization and industrialization such as crowding, lack of housing and jobs, and urban squalor. It was during this time that the idea of using literacy tests to control the number of immigrants able to enter the United States, particularly those from southern and eastern Europe, was formed. However, it took those who advocated for this approach many years to try to convince lawmakers and others that immigrants were the â€Å"cause† of many of America’s social and economic maladies. Finally, in 1917, Congress passed the Immigration Act, also known as the Literacy Act (and Asiatic Barred Zone Act), which included a literacy test that is still a requirement for becoming a U.S. citizen today. The Immigration Act demanded that those who were over the age of 16 and could read some language must read 30-40 words to show they were capable of reading. Those who were entering the U.S. to avoid religious persecution from their country of origin did not have to pass this test. The literacy test that is part of the Immigration Act of 1917 included only a few languages available to immigrants. This meant that if their native language was not included, they could not prove they were literate, and were denied entry. Beginning in 1950, immigrants could legally only take the literacy test in English, further limiting those who could gain entry to the United States. Besides demonstrating the ability to read, write, and speak English, immigrants also have to display knowledge of U.S. history, government, and civics. English literacy tests have effectively been used in the U.S. as a means to keep immigrants   that the government deemed unwanted out of the country, for the tests are demanding and rigorous.   Would you be able to pass them? REFERENCES 1.Jim Crow Museum of Racist Memorabilia, Ferris State University, 2.Foner, Eric., The Supreme Court and the History of Reconstruction and Vice-VersaColumbia Law Review, November 2012, 1585-1606ericfoner.com/articles/SupCtRec.html 3.4. Techniques of Direct Disenfranchisement 1880-1965,   University of Michigan, umich.edu/~lawrace/disenfranchise1.htm 4. Constitutional Rights Foundation, A Brief History of Jim Crow, crf-usa.org/black-history-month/a-brief-history-of-jim-crow 5. The Rise and Fall of Jim Crow, PBS, pbs.org/wnet/jimcrow/voting_literacy.html 6. Ibid. 7. http://epublications.marquette.edu/dissertations/AAI8708749/ RESOURCES AND FURTHER READING Alabama Literacy Test, 1965, pbs.org/wnet/jimcrow/voting_literacy.html Constitutional Rights Foundation, A Brief History of Jim Crow, crf-usa.org/black-history-month/a-brief-history-of-jim-crow Foner, Eric, The Supreme Court and the History of Reconstruction and Vice-Versa Columbia Law Review, November 2012, 1585-1606ericfoner.com/articles/SupCtRec.html Head, Tom, 10 Racist US Supreme Court Rulings, ThoughtCo., March 03, 2017, https://www.thoughtco.com/racist-supreme-court-rulings-721615 Jim Crow Museum of Racist Memorabilia, Ferris State University, ferris.edu/jimcrow/what.htm Onion, Rebecca, Take the Impossible â€Å"Literacy† Test Louisiana Gave Black Voters in the 1960s, slate.com/blogs/the_vault/2013/06/28/voting_rights_and_the_supreme_court_the_impossible_literacy_test_louisiana.html PBS, The Rise and Fall of Jim Crow, pbs.org/wnet/jimcrow/voting_literacy.html Schwartz, Jeff, CORE’s Freedom Summer, 1964 - My Experiences in Louisiana, crmvet.org/nars/schwartz.htm Weisberger, Mindy, Immigration Act of 1917 Turns 100: Americas Long History of Immigration Prejudice, LiveScience, Feb. 5, 2017, livescience.com/57756-1917-immigration-act-100th-anniversary.html

Marketing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Marketing - Assignment Example The spa will offer massage in different variety of styles including traditional massage, deep tissue work, hot stone massage, pregnancy, reflexology, sports and others. (Bplans, 2010). Treatments on body and face using the best products such as Pevonia’s Anti Free Radical Treatment a...... Turnover will be a major consideration in formulating which marketing strategies to be used. Their type and their numbers are also equally important so as to bring a variety of the products to fit in the various types of customers. It will target potential clients both male and female within ten mile radius within our location at a busy plaza in the city. Both individual employees/self employed and non employed employees are also placed in the plan. In order to acquire clients, the spas will implement a very aggressive marketing and networking in the business community through advertising in the media and going to the business premises to carry out presentations, followed by offering the best services in the health spa business. Skilled therapists and trainers include the personnel. Their prices are also competitive in the area so will give a better financial advantage. Pricing approach includes; penetration pricing, promotional pricing and premium pricing. Penetration pricing is nor mally put first and includes setting the prices very low to gain market share. Promotional pricing comes in order to enable the business to buy for long term. Premium pricing will be used lastly which involves setting a very high price of the unique product to gain competitive advantage from the other competitors in the market. Social sites like face book, twitter, you\tube will be of great marketing help, and also in the company’s website. Sales promotion using short term incentives to encourage business to respond and undertake some activity and personal contact between Bodywise Health spa and prospective business clients through face to face meetings and tele-marketing will help maintain they spas competitive edge. The success of the business is

Quantitative Methods Portfolio Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Quantitative Methods Portfolio - Assignment Example Quantitative research studies involve collection of data from a given sample. The data is usually numerical or one that can be coded (Myers, Well, & Lorch, 2010). Quantitative research approach uses either primary or secondary data. Primary data is obtained from participants through interviews, questionnaires, and observations whereas the secondary data is obtained from secondary sources such as journal articles, websites, and books (Pedhazur & Schmelkin, 2013). This research will employ questionnaires to collect primary data for the purposes of achieving its main aim. There are different statistical applications or techniques for analyzing numerical data. SPSS is one of the statistical applications used in conducting data analysis. SPSS is a software package that analyzes different numerical data (Miller & Acton, 2009). SPSS is useful in predicting with confidence what is likely to happen based on the numerical information collected (Mitchell & Jolley, 2012). This research study wil l employ SPSS to analyze the numerical data with an aim of understanding and predicting the perceptions and behaviors of tourists. In doing SPSS, there is need to code the primary data especially in cases where the data provided options that are qualitative (Myers, Well, & Lorch, 2010). ... Frequency also refers to the number of times a given question is answered (Creswell, 2013). In this research study, the SPSS software will be used in obtaining the number of responses to a given question. For instance, if a question asks for a â€Å"yes† or â€Å"no† answers, the frequency will identify how many respondents agree with the question as opposed to the number of respondents that disagree with the question (Myers, Well, & Lorch, 2010). Frequency in this study will be used to understand the perceptions of tourists. The other concept is cross tabulation. Cross tabulation is a statistical process that aims at providing a summary of a given set of data or results; hence, developing a contingency table (Miller & Acton, 2009). This study will use cross-tabulation to summarize the frequencies and develop a table for better illustration. Lastly, this study will employ t-test. A t-test is a statistical technique for testing whether the means of two samples are signif icantly different based on the assumption that the sample statistics follow a student’s-t distribution when the hypothesis is tested (Pedhazur & Schmelkin, 2013). In this respect, t-test is used to identify whether samples are different. This study will use the t-test to compare the means of various pairs of the data such as gender versus the income, gender versus the origin, and gender versus age amongst others. List of References Creswell, J. W., 2013, Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Sage Publications, Incorporated. Miller, R., & Acton, C., 2009, SPSS for social scientists. Palgrave Macmillan. Mitchell, M. L., & Jolley, J. M., 2012, Research design explained. CengageBrain. com Myers, J. L., Well, A. D., & Lorch, R. F., 2010, Research

The Potential Positive And Negative Socio Cultural Impacts Tourism Essay

The Potential Positive And Negative Socio Cultural Impacts Tourism Essay Tourism is a product that is produced and consumed at the same time. Tourism affects the economy and lives of communities and has proven to be a lifesaver for many destinations. Impacts occur when tourism changes the value systems/ behavior, threatening native identity and that changes occur in community structure, family relationships, ceremonies, collective traditional styles and morality. Tourism can also cause positive impacts as it can serve as a helpful force for peace, help avoid urban relocation by creating local jobs and foster pride in cultural traditions. The type of tourist will have a differing effect on the host community. The mass tourist is less likely to adapt to the local cultures and will seek amenities and standards found in his home community. On the other hand the independent tourist will adapt more readily. The process of tourism development is very important because the speed and nature of development can be a major influence on the magnitude and direction of socio-cultural changes. The term socio-cultural impacts refer to changes to residents everyday experiences, as well as to their values, way of life, and intellectual and artistic products. The positive and negative impacts of tourism on the Cyprus socio-cultural structure has been an issue for a long time. Social impacts can be considered as changes in the lives of people who live in destination communities, which are connected with tourist actions in regard to moral conduct, creative expressions. Cultural impacts can be the changes in the arts, traditional ceremonies, customs and rituals and architecture of people that result from tourism activity. Witt (1991) claims that, the greater the difference between the host community and the tourists the greater will be the affect of tourism on society. This presents a challenge to decision makers in regard to the type of tourism that a destination is trying to attract. Thus, for example, at the national level a specific development might be justified on the grounds that it is positive for the society as a whole even if on average it is not positive for the host community. All travelers seek tourism experience, yet very diffe rent goals and objectives are required through different roles and behaviors. This occurs because in Cyprus are many different types of tourists. Each type of tourist can be expected to behave differently while visiting a destination. Certain groups can be seen as more exploitive and less sensitive to social and cultural values. Explorers blend into the Cyprus life as local people do and stay longer but they have contact with fewer people than members of a charter tour that moves through Cyprus for shopping or sightseeing. In the case of Cyprus, the tourist policy of the Cyprus Tourism Organization aims to attract middle and high-income class tourists in order to minimize possible resentment between locals and tourists. According to statistics by Eurostat, Cypriots enjoy a higher standard of living than other regions and the type of tourist that visits the island is not the typical high and middle class income tourist but mostly youngsters who tend to reach their limits once they are abroad. The effects of tourists behavior and activities on young people in the area are very noticeable. The increase in drug trafficking and crime are the two major effects of tourism on the local community. Young people tend to spend a lot of their free time away from their families and from community activities since they spend more time in the tourist areas going out clubbing or at bars. As a result, we have an increase in the number of school dropouts and in the number of people smoking at early stages of their age. C yprus is considered to be one of the few destinations that have controlled tourism well, and it is now repaying the benefits. Cyprus is still an up market destination offering a friendly atmosphere and high quality service. Cyprus has always marketed itself as a prestige resort. Surveys show that many residents see the tourists as a breath of fresh air into the society, economy and life of the locals. The Cyprus Tourism Organization is aiming to keep its high quality and consequently its up market clientele by offering excellent facilities and different types of tourism activities such as Agro Tourism, Bird Watching and Cycling. To achieve this selective advertising and promotion are adopted in order to attract this type of customer. The development of the Tourist Industry led to an improvement in the standard of living for the local people in several areas as tourism expenditure increases the income and improve the standard of living and the quality of life for the locals. Tourism also contributes to the development of infrastructure with the building of airports, new roads, restaurants and hospitals, attraction to enable greatest number of citizens to benefit from the cultural, recreational and leisure activities of the tourism sector. Tourism has also aided in arising the interest for art festivals and crafts, for example weaving, embroidery, wood crafting, pottery etc that have been practiced in small villages for hundreds of years. The impact of tourism on the conservation of old buildings is also both positive and negative. Cyprus residents claim that tourists look for and appreciate local architecture and authentic traditional style, so a lot of buildings are being renovated or conserved as mainly tourist attractions, which would have been destroyed by eager owner. On the other hand, old buildings do not have enough capacity to provide accommodation for the growing number of tourists, so they are destroyed to give room to new and large guest houses with appropriate capacity and tourist facilities. The media have described Paralimni and Agia Napa as a round-the clock neon-lit cosmopolitan mini-metropolis and topless sex capital of Cyprus. The majority state that tourists have a negative effect on the Cypriot way of life and that tourism changes the traditional culture, also it decreases the lifestyle quality of Cypriots who live in tourist areas. The extreme concentration of tourists resulted in the modification of social attitudes among young people, particularly towards sexual behavior. The European way of living has altered the Cypriot society as younger generations are seeking different values than their families, and thus resulting in weaker family bonds. A number of researchers examined the link between the perception that tourism contributes to increase in crime and the support for its development. The crime is related to resident perceptions of tourism development. There is also an increase in prostitution and rise in criminal activity and possible anger between local a nd tourists. Rural population, long term residents, farmers, and younger segments perceive tourism as contributing to an increase in crime especially in the area of Agia Napa. Agia Napa is advertised as a place of great consumption of alcohol, sex, drugs and crime and a great damage caused by thousands of topless beach goers. Moreover the massive arrival of youngsters changed the image of the area from a fun relaxing atmosphere to more of a nightlife entertainment with many nightclubs and discos. As a result, there is an increase in drug trafficking and crime as well as the young generation in Cyprus has started to adopt different set of values on morality and style of dressing which is not acceptable by the older generations. Tourists have altered the Cypriot values and beliefs especially among the young generation and as mentioned before the dress code has changed and nudity is much more acceptable now. In spite of all negative and positive impacts of tourism on the socio-cultural structure of Cyprus it is not yet clear whether the benefits outweigh the costs. In general, the residents of Cyprus have a positive attitude toward tourism. Since the success of tourism depends very much on the human attitudes and behavior of the residents of a destination towards tourists, this seems to be an encouraging result for the future of tourism development. Residents recognize a range of potential positive and negative impacts of tourism however, current attitudes are generally quite positive and there is support for future modest increase in tourism. The tourism development strategy should aim to protect local culture, respect local traditions and promote local ownership and management of programs and projects so as to foster community stewardship of the natural resource base. As integrated processes take time, tourism umbrella organizations should start with voluntary self-restraint, until loc ally adapted objectives have been reached.

Free Grendel Essays: Social Commentary :: Grendel Essays

Authors often have to choose between concentrating on either plot or social commentary when writing their novels; in John Gardener's Grendel, the plot becomes is a secondary consideration. Grendel's exploits provide the reader with a clear understanding of the strong opinions the author carries and can be seen clearly as a narrative supporting nihilism in its many forms. The reader easily perceives the blatant religious subtext in the guise of corrupt priests and the foolish faithful. The notion of the old being wise is unacceptable to Gardener along with any notion of hero idolization. Within his novel, Gardner expresses his views concerning religion, wisdom and nature. Religion plays a large role in Grendel. Priests do not want to perform their services without the proper payment, which, in turn, allows the rich the most access to 'religion' and God. The citizens of the village are also confusingly polytheistic and monotheistic. When praying to their king god does not decrease the frequency of Grendel's visits, they retreat to begging any god of which they have known for help. This reveals their faith to be not faith at all but rather faith that will remain faith as long as it can be proven. A proven religious faith is contradictory term, for it can only be placed in a religion that cannot be proven lest it is true faith no longer. Grendel's interludes with the dragon portray, at their onsets, the dragon as a worldly, wise creature with much to share. The dragon haughtily informs Grendel about his vast store of knowledge as he teases him with how much he knows. As Grendel's interests are piqued, the dragon expends the cumulative result of his travails: "Know how much you've got, and beware of strangers†¦My advice to you, my violent friend, is to seek out gold and sit on it" (Gardner page #). Although the dragon serves as a vessel to point out the necessity of Grendel and makes some pointed observations about mankind, all his respectability is lost with those two short sentences. The author is making an observation about materialism and the falsehood of wisdom always accompanying age. After all his years of intense scrutiny, the dragon can only grasp from human- and animalkind alike that possessions are the key to life's existence. Nature against society is also discussed in Grendel. The fact that citizens surrounded with religion and social status could be so easily overtaken by nature (Grendel) gives a sense of irony to the reader.

Posthumus and Innogene Essay

The following passage is from Shakespeare’s ‘Cymbeline’ Act 4 Scene 2. In the quoted lines Innogen identifies Clotens to be Posthumus due to Posthumus’ garment worn by Clotens. Innogen looks at Clotens’ body and his garments and says â€Å"I know the shape of`s leg; this is his hand†. According to her, his foot is ‘Mercurial’ and thighs â€Å"Marcial’. From the first act the audience is accustomed to see a chaste Innogen who is attracted only to her husband, Postumus. However in this passage Innogene is made to speak admiring words about Clotens which is ironic to the audience. Her instant decision based on the garment is a kind of an amusement to the audience who is aware of the identity of the corpse. Innogene believes that she know Posthumus well enough to identify him without the head or the ‘jovial face’. The audience may expect better judgment from Innogene who till then did show good judgment in choosing Postumus to Clotens. This passage shows that Postumus and Clotens were more similar looking than Innogene would want to believe. These similarities are mentioned by Clotens in â€Å"I mean, the lines of my body are as well drawn as his;† in Act 4, Scene 1(9-10). She tries to see some logical reason for the gruesome murder of her husband. The first possibility that comes to her mind is Pisanio’s involvement. She suspects him to have revealed the details about Posthumous to Clotens. Everyone except Innogene knows that Pisanio has got nothing to do with this murder. Moreover Innogene is unable to think logically, for, if Pisanio was the culprit he may not have helped and sent her in pursuit of Posthumus. She concludes that Pisanio has joined with Clotens to kill Posthumus. In the passage Innogene call Clotens, â€Å"irregulous devil Clotens†. Clotens is interested in marrying Innogen. When he found out that this was not possible because she chose to be the wife of Posthumus, Clotens decided to murder Posthumus and rape her. He goes to the wilderness in search of Posthumous with pure hatred in his heart. Nevertheless he wears Posthumus’ garments while seeking out Posthumus and Innogene. This is ironic that he chose to wear the dress of his opponent in subduing him. He may have thought this would be a nice way to torture Innogene with the thoughts of her dead husband when he uses force on her. This may heighten the misery. This however goes a long way to show the cruel nature of Clotens. On the other hand the audience sees that Posthumus is aggrieved for ordering the death of his wife. He is repentant and tries to seek his own punishment by surrendering as a Roman soldier in to the hand of British troops. During the battle he takes the side of his motherland and protects it from the enemy attack, fulfilling the duty of the son of the soil. Deception in costume plays its part here again when he dresses as an Englishman and fights with Iachimo. Posthumus and Clotens are two opposite forces juxtaposed to bring out their contrasting natures to intensify the final good over evil concept. However Innogenes’ misunderstanding in identifying the corpse is the climax of this parallelism. This is an important scene in this play due to the death of Clotens and his misidentification as Postumous. Clotens has been the shadow of Posthumus throughout the play. At every mention of Posthumus there is a direct comparison drawn with Clotens as both are interested in noble Innogene. Death of Clotens signifies the death of evil and victory of good. However at this stage not all threads in the play are brought to a conclusive end. Moreover the difference between both is so strong that it needs to have a lingering effect for some time until alls well. Hence this scene is a good device to conclude the play in a progressive gradation.

Executive compensation scheme shareholder - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1687 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? Introduction Executive compensation is incentive payment to the executive who is acting as an agent to run the company on behalf of the shareholder. Cash compensation include the salary and bonus, while total compensation composed of long-term incentive payouts, the value of restricted stock grants, the value of stock option etc. The unexpected earnings and stock returns directly influenced changes in cash-based and total compensation but not changes in stock-based compensation. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Executive compensation scheme shareholder" essay for you Create order Literature review Nourayi and Daroca (2008), stated that the compensation scheme of the executive level is not have strongly related to firm performance. Found the compensation scheme also has a declining link to the performances of the company. Both this authors suggest that performance of the company is not related to only executive compensation scheme. Lee (2009) state, that the magnitude of the observed pay and performance relationship is too small to provide an effective incentive. In others hand that may look forward for executive compensation measure of performance, the management are trying to increase their incentive, there may induce future profitability (Nourayi.m, Mints.s.m, 2008) [online]. Conversely accounting based measurement about the company past performance (Nourayi.m, Mints.s.m, 2008). Nourayu.M and Mints.S.M (2008) state that the incentive paid using non- cash compensation (stock option grants) should be disclosed a pay performance scheme at executive level. The remuneration package typically includes a fixed component and a variable or incentive payment, which is largely paid as a cash bonus and a long term incentive including share option or other form of shares payment which should be disclosed in the corporate governance section of the company annual report (Lee.J, 2009). Nourayi and Mintz (2008), state that the any compensation scheme discloses to the financial report may lead the management purposely alter the financial report to mislead the shareholder or to influence contractual outcomes that depend on the financial accounting numbers. Nouray and Daroca(2008), state that the CEO compensation in regulated industries are influenced heavily by the accounting profit and operational growth as indicated by the increase in the number employees. Both author are stated that the large corporate, the CEO compensation more depend on the firm performance and paid by cash compensation. In other hand the smaller corporate, characterized by their cash flow problems, the executive compensation will tend to option based compensation. Lee (2009), state that the executive should have their own incentive package for the stewardships role. From the view of the Lee (2009) paid of compensation to encouragement the executive level is to increase corporate value and to retain key management for their performance. Nourayi and Mintz (2008) provide that, the sensitive companys performance is no longer tenure and Chief Executive Officers (CEO) of compensation. Drawing from Nourayi and Daroca (2008) result in research, state that the CEOs of the firm that have bad performance still got a higher compensation. Nourayi and Daroca (2008), has make the empirical research that the growth of the sales or shareholder return are not much related to the executive compensation, but are correlated to the earning, book value and per share dividend. In other hand the companies are using the stock option as compensation scheme; the (CEO) may manipulate the earning of the company to lead the share price increase and get higher return on the increasing share price (Nourayi.M.M, Mintz.S.M, 2008). The executive want to increase the value of the share, that may incurred the fraudulent activity in the company. Research by Nourayi and Daroca (2008) found that compensation holding of stock and option are little supported to deduce the shareholder agency cost and the value of the company. According to Lee (2009), when the executive are paid compensation using stock option may create a conflict of interest between the management and shareholder. These conflicts generally arise from the management motives to pursue their own interest at the expense of the shareholder (Lee.J 2009). Lee is providing that the top executive compensation have a significant positive relationship with the shareholder wealth. Compensation scheme The increase in the compensation scheme may influenced by the increase in sales in company, this increase in rate of compensation may known as the incentive reward to the CEO (Nourayi.M.M, Daroca.F.P, 2008). Sales, assets, and stock price performance, are less likely to be affected by the CEO discretionary choice (Nourayi.M.M, Mintz.S.M 2008). Nourayi.M.M and Daroca.F.P state that the politics may affect the executive compensation. Nourayi.M and Mintz.S.M. (2008) are discussed that when the company are provides others incentives other than the cash compensation measurements, this may lead to inaccuracies of accounting because of the difficulty in discerning the value in monetary term to show in company financial statement. Nourayi and Daroca (2008) state that the company provides the stock option in compensation scheme may incur conflict on the value of the compensation when disclose it. This is because the stock option only incurred the economic costs by the outside investors would pay for invest and does not provide an accounting cost or cash expenditure. Lee (2009) is stated that the compensation for CEO typically includes the base salary, a variable component, and other benefit. The variable component is regarded as performance-related the basis which management performance will be measured not reported in the annual report (Lee.J 2009). The compensation do not disclose to traditional financial statement, the compensation scheme is proposal by the executive themselves. The compensation scheme may direct correlated to the performance of the management. The high compensation may help CEO mange the company better. The good corporate may have committee remunerations to control the total of the compensation claim by the executive level in the company. Conclusion In the conclusion, the executive compensation should be proposal by the independence board of director. The level of the compensation scheme of the CEO do not set by one or close relationship person with the CEO. This will influence by the CEO to get higher compensation but provide the poor performance in company. The total compensation need to disclose to the annual report. To give the shareholder can have decided to continue employed the CEO to help them manage the corporate, to decide the corporation is manage in good status or not. The stock option compensation needs to disclose at the price of the day issues to the executive. The executive may need to monitor the rule and regulation in the country that lead the level of the compensation scheme in corporate may too high or low to executive level. Reference Lee,J, 2009. Executive performance-based remuneration, performance change and board structures. The International Journal of Accounting, UK Vol. 44, pp 138-162 [URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MImg_imagekey=B6W4P-4W3874D-1-1_cdi=6548_user=8187596_orig=search_coverDate=06%2F30%2F2009_sk=999559997view=cwchp=dGLbVlW-zSkzVmd5=d9559ecc007c2a6b1c67d353b6e22a71ie=/sdarticle.pdf] (Accessed date: 20/07/2009) Nourayi,M.M and Daroca,F.P, 2008 CEO compensation, firm performance and operational characteristics Managerial Finance vol.34 No. 8 pp. 562-584 [URL: https://www.emeraldinsight.com/Insight/viewPDF.jsp?contentType=ArticleFilename=html/Output/Published/EmeraldFullTextArticle/Pdf/0090340804.pdf] (Accessed dated: 23/07/2009) Nourayi,M.M and Mintz,S.M, 2008 Tenure, firms performance, and CEOs compensation Managerial Finance vol.34, No 3 pp. 524-536 [URL: https://www.emeraldinsight.com/Insight/viewContentItem.do;jsessionid=3355AC1544DBC095B56E07D9ED60CBF7?contentType=ArticlehdAction=lnkpdfcontentId=1733175history=true] (Accessed dated: 20/ 07/2009) Bibliography Ang,J.S. and Constand,R.L, 1997 Compensation and performance: the case of Japanese managers and directors Journal Multinational Financial Management Vol. 7 pp. 275-304 [URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MImg_imagekey=B6VGV-3SX8BMF-1-1_cdi=6048_user=8233547_orig=na_coverDate=12%2F31%2F1997_sk=999929995view=cwchp=dGLzVtb-zSkzSmd5=c96040dd6413837aa4e1ee57b2480470ie=/sdarticle.pdf] (accessed dated: /07/2009) Brunello, G and Graziano, C, Parigi. B, 2001. Executive compensation and firm performance in Italy. International Journal of Industrial Organization Volume 19 Pages 133-161[Online] [URL:https://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MImg_imagekey=B6VFK-3XH3HHM-4-6_cdi=6013_user=8233547_orig=na_coverDate=09%2F30%2F1999_sk=999949996view=cwchp=dGLbVtz-zSkWzmd5=2f1563eef1372d955d1954a3b8e79156ie=/sdarticle.pdf] [Accessed: 3 July 2009] Devers,C.E and Cannella,Jr.A.A, 2007 Executive compensation: A Multidisciplinary review of recent developments journal management 33:1016 [online] URL: https://jom.sagepub.com/cgi/reprint/33/6/1016 (accessed dated: 24/07/2009) Lee,J, 2009. Executive performance-based remuneration, performance change and board structures. 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